Climate Law and Economics
The Nordic Research Lab for Climate Law and Economics (NRLCLE) provides research in climate law in a Danish, EU, international, and economic perspective.
About Us
The purpose of the research group is to establish a strong group of researchers that can provide research in climate law in a Danish, EU, international, and economic perspective.
CBS Law is a significant legal environment for combining business law and economics and has several researchers within this field. This group of researchers has previously focused on public-private law, EU law, international law, and WTO in an economic perspective.
The starting point of the climate research to be conducted is how collaboration between the public sector and private industry can provide relevant and innovative solutions to climate change and global warming.
Appointments & Affiliations
Professor Christina D. Tvarnø
Professor Christina D. Tvarnø has been appointed as a member of the Danish Climate Council from 1 March 2025.
She has also been appointed to an expert panel supporting the national energy crisis staff (NEKST) under the Danish Ministry of Climate, Energy and Utilities from May 2023. NEKST investigates and coordinates the climate challenges in society and identifies barriers and finds solutions — initially green heat production and expansion of renewable energy on land.
Associate Professor Marie-Louise Holle
Associate Professor Marie-Louise Holle has been appointed to the editorial board of the Carbon & Climate Law Review (CCLR) in recognition of her scholarship on climate litigation, particularly through the lens of tort law.
She has joined the Peer Review Network at Columbia University’s Sabin Center for Climate Change Law and is rapporteur for four jurisdictions — Madagascar, Monaco, Namibia, and the Seychelles. She is also a member of the Sabin Center’s research group for corporate liability and climate change.
Selected publications
2024
- Christina D. Tvarnø & Sarah Maria Denta, Klimaret – Speciel del, Djøf Forlag, 2024.
2022
- Christina D. Tvarnø, Klimaret – Almindelig del, Djøf Forlag, 2022.
- Christina D. Tvarnø, The New Era of Climate Law in Denmark and in the EU, European Public Law, Vol. 28, No. 1, February 2022.
- Christina D. Tvarnø & Sarah Maria Denta, New frontiers of PPP law, i A Research Agenda for Public–Private Partnerships and the Governance of Infrastructure. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.
2021
- Sarah Maria Denta, European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Vol. 16, No. 4, 2021, pp. 318–328.
- Christina D. Tvarnø, A (Non-) Net-zero Greenhouse Gases Emission Goal in the Danish Climate Act, Carbon & Climate Law Review, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2021, pp. 342–348.
- Jaakko Salminen & Mikko Rajavuori, Yritysten arvoketjupäästöjen hallinta, sääntely ja vastuu, Oikeus, Vol. 50, No. 4, 2021, pp. 481–502.
- Henrik Andersen, Climate Concerns and Antidumping Law: Where is the Space for the Climate Argument?, CBS LAW Research Paper No. 21-09.
- Henrik Andersen, The EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI) and Climate Protection: A Brief Descriptive Overview of CAI Climate Regulation and its Legal Context, CBS LAW Research Paper No. 21-13.
- Henrik Andersen, WTO Panel and Appellate Body Jurisprudence on Environmental Protection of Marine Living Resources: Considerations for the Maritime Silk Road Shipping Policies, i Comparative Law Yearbook of International Business, Vol. 42A, Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law International, 2021, pp. 75–125.
- Jaakko Salminen & Mikko Rajavuori, Law, Agency and Sustainability: The Role of the Law Creating Sustainability, i Research Handbook of Sustainability Agency, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2021, pp. 322–334.
- Jaakko Salminen, Sustainability and the Contractual Organization of Production, The NOVA Knowledge Centre for Business, Human Rights and the Environment, April 2021.
2020
- Christina D. Tvarnø, Climate Public Private Partnerships in the EU, European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2020, pp. 200–208.
- Christina D. Tvarnø, Regulating the Climate, CBS LAW Research Paper No. 20-01, 2020.
- Christina D. Tvarnø, EU Climate Law and Public Private Partnerships, CBS LAW Research Paper No. 20-06, 2020.
- Marie-Louise Holle & Amalie Bang, Making Legal History: State Liability for Negligence in Climate Change, European Public Law, Vol. 26, Issue 1, 2020, pp. 45–58.
2019
- Amalie Bang & Marie-Louise Holle, Making Legal History: State Liability for Negligence in Climate Change, CBS LAW Research Paper No. 19-11, 2019.
- Henrik Andersen, WTO Jurisprudence on Protection of Marine Living Resources: Policy Considerations for the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative, CBS LAW Research Paper No. 19-20, 2019.
Dissemination
2025
Professor Kim Østergaard participated in a discussion on conflicts between ESG as a legal discipline and its interaction with contract law in the podcast series ESG-eksperterne.
Listen to the episode
Interview: Marie-Louise Holle featured in Columbia University’s Sabin Center newsletter on climate litigation and the law of obligations.
Read the interview
Blog post: Marie-Louise Holle publishes on the role of private law in climate litigation on the NUS Law Faculty Blog.
Read the blog post
Podcast: Christina D. Tvarnø and CBS President Peter Møllgaard appear in CBS Climate Lab’s podcast with Donald Pols.
2024
(No entries currently listed.)
2023
Conference: Marie-Louise Holle gave a presentation at the University of Copenhagen, Center for International Law and Governance, on Climate Litigation and Private Law: Protecting Rights and Preventing Damage in the Face of Climate Change.
Panel on 1 September: Professor Christina D. Tvarnø took part in a panel at the Danish climate summit in Middelfart on Loss and Damage in international climate law. The panel was organised by Oxfam.
Podcast: Professor Kim Østergaard participated in a discussion on ESG and contract law in the podcast series ESG-eksperterne.
Listen to the episode
Conference paper in September: Associate Professor Marie-Louise Holle presented a paper on public policy and private law at the Obligations X Conference in Banff, Canada.
Academic panel in July: Holle gave a presentation on climate litigation at Copenhagen Disputes Circle and joined a panel discussion with Will Hooker and Jonas Christoffersen.
Presentation on 21 September: Henrik Andersen addressed the Association of European Administrative Judges on Climate Justice and the Rule of Law.
Radio on 16 May: Christina D. Tvarnø appeared on the radio programme Guld og Grønne Skove on P1 to explain the Danish Climate Act and CO₂ targets.
Listen to the episode
2022 and earlier
Presentation on 2 September 2022: Professor Christina D. Tvarnø presented her research on calculating climate data in a Danish, EU, and UN law perspective at the CONNOR 2030 Workshop – Constitutionalism in the Nordics: Climate Change and Constitutional Law, Lund University.
Interview: Henrik Andersen was interviewed by Verdens Bedste Nyheder about climate litigation against governments under the Paris Agreement.
Read the article (in Danish)
Conference on 7 July 2022: Henrik Andersen co-organised the ELI conference Climate Justice – New Challenges for Law and Judges, held at the University of Ferrara in Florence.
More about the conference
Blog post: Jaakko Salminen contributed to the University of Oslo blog with a post titled The Circular Economy and Legal Technique: Nothing new from a business perspective.
Read the blog post