HA i europæisk business

Organisationsteori

Formålet med faget er at give de studerende viden omkring organisationsteori, således at de kan analysere organisatoriske forandringer og identificere organisatoriske udfordringer.

I faget præsenteres de studerende for en række klassiske, moderne og kritiske teorier om organisationer. Teorierne skal give de studerende en forståelse for, hvordan organisationer fungerer og viden om organisatoriske problematikker og udfordringer. Kurset er inddelt i fire overordnede temaer; (1) tidlig organisationsteori, (2) struktur og omgivelser, (3) organisationens indre og (4) ledelse og kritik. Hvert tema afsluttes med en øvelsesgang, hvor de studerende selvstændigt, kritisk og analytisk arbejder med organisatoriske problemstillinger og udfordringer.  Kurset inddrager løbende relevant empirisk materiale i form af cases, der anskueliggør forskellige problematikker. I arbejdet med cases anvendes organisationsteorierne til at analysere konkrete organisatoriske udfordringer og dilemmaer, som gør de studerende i stand til at forstå og analysere virksomheden ud fra forskellige teoretiske vinkler.

To øvelsesgange handler om akademisk argumentation og videnskabelige standarder, som gør de studerende i stand til at forholde sig selvstændigt og kritisk til fagets tekster samt deres egne analyser.

På kurset introduceres de studerende til forskellige typer af litteratur:

• Grundbogen Klassisk og Moderne Organisationsteori giver en introduktion og et overblik over organisationsteori.

• Primære tekster introducerer de studerende for klassiske bidrag til organisationsteori, og gør dem i stand til at diskutere deres relevans for nutidig organisationsteori.

• Forskningsartikler fra internationale journals introducerer til nyere bidrag indenfor organisationsteori.

• Forskellige cases som bruges til at anvende teorierne på organisatoriske problemstillinger.

Læringsmål

Efter at have fulgt faget forventes den studerende at være i stand til at:

ECTS

7,5

Strategic Management

The central theme of this course is the strategy of the firm. The course introduces students to the basics of the field of strategic management by providing an understanding of theories and frameworks of the field and outlining how to apply them to real-life business cases. Business cases are centered around, among others, the European business environment.

The course will emphasize open discussions and use a mixture of theory and case studies to engage students in the classroom.

Learning Objectives

The aim of the course is to provide students with a strong theoretical foundation in the strategy field and to give them the tools to make sound strategic decisions. After this course, the student should be able to master the following learning objectives:

ECTS

7,5

Statistik

The course aims to prepare students to conduct quantitative data analysis. The focus is on the capacity to conduct independent analyses using different types of data material, to interpret their results, and to understand and evaluate the assumptions on which the analyses rest. 

The course consists of lectures, workshops and exercises. The lectures will have a teacher driven review of a focused part of the theoretical course content. Student will be involved through brief peer-to-peer discussions and class discussions.

The workshops and exercises will focus on applying the methods from the curriculum and lectures to solve data analytical problems. In addition to a focus on understanding and interpreting statistical methods, a key element will be the introduction to a statistical software program such as Stata or R. Since the purpose of the exercises is to facilitate that the students apply the methods to real data problems, a high degree of student involvement is expected. 

The exercise teacher will assist students in applying the methods and direct discussions and interpretations of results. 

The problem sets in the exercise will to the extent that it is possible rely on data that is relevant to European Business. 

Fulfilment of the learning objectives of the course will make the students able to evaluate an appropriately formulated research questions in for example a Bachelor's thesis using statistical methods.

Læringsmål

ECTS

7,5

Finansiering

Faget omhandler central finansiel teori. Særligt fokus har værdiansættelse af betalingsstrømme, investeringsplanlægning, porteføljeteori, kapitalstruktur og udbyttepolitik. Disse emner har alle generel relevans.

Der inddrages aspekter med et specifikt stærkt dansk eller internationalt fokus, nemlig udvalgte danske institutionelle rammer og afdækning af valutarisici.
 

Faget giver markante muligheder for feedback, jf. særskilt afsnit herom.

Læringsmål

ECTS

7,5

Udveksling eller praktikforløb i udlandet (30 ECTS)

På 5. semester tager du på udlandsophold. Her kan du enten tage på udveksling og læse fag på et udenlandsk universitet, eller du kan tage i praktik i en virksomhed i udlandet.

Virksomhedsstrategi i et netværksperspektiv

Formål: Kurset introducerer til virksomhedsstrategi i et netværksperspektiv. Virksomheder og deres medarbejdere er afhængige af deres omverden og en helt central måde er at knytte an til omverdenen gennem netværk af forskellig art. Virksomheder konkurrerer og samarbejder med andre organisationer via netværk, som bl.a. giver dem adgang til resurser, som de er afhængige af. Kurset udstyrer de studerende med teoretiske og metodiske redskaber fra den netværksanalytiske tradition til at forstå hvordan interne såvel som eksterne netværk indvirker på virksomhedens strategiske processer. 

Kurset er inddelt i tre dele. Første del giver en introduktion til forskellige teorier om ’virksomhedsstrategi i netværksperspektiv’ og eksemplificerer teorierne gennem brug af cases. Anden del indfører de studerende i metodiske redskaber fra netværksanalysen. Tredje del har fokus på anvendelse af netværksanalyse på konkrete cases og giver de studerende mulighed for at lave en konkret netværksanalyse af et intra- eller inter-organisatorisk netværk. Forbindelsen mellem teori og metode i konkrete caseanalyser har prioritet ligesom de praktisk-strategiske implikationer af virksomhedsnetværk løbende vil blive diskuteret gennem kurset. 

Læringsmål

ECTS

7,5

The European Business Framework

This course introduces students to the institutions, decision-making processes and policies of the European Union (EU), constituting a framework for business in Europe. It provides some of the knowledge needed by companies, NGOs and public agencies engaged in cross-border business or in developing policy positions pertaining to rules and standards applied in European markets. 

The course gives an overview of the historical development of postwar integration in Europe to the present day, as well as the functions and practices of the institutions of the EU, including the European Council, European Commission, Council of the EU, European Parliament, Court of Justice etc. Furthermore, some of the key EU policy areas relevant to business will be studied, both the content and processes of policy-making, herein lobbyism. These might include the policies of the EU as a customs union and external trade agreements, the monetary and fiscal framework of EMU, labour mobility and labour market regulation, environmental policy with a focus on climate change and the EU Emissions Trading Scheme, and rules and norms pertaining to the Single European Market, such as competition policy, health and safety standards.  

In this course, analyses of EU institutions, policies and standards are conducted using relevant theory and concepts, taking business as well as public interest and critical perspectives. Students learn to reflect upon the economic, political, social and ethical implications of policy-making in the EU  

Læringsmål

ECTS

7,5

Macroeconomics and European Economic Integration

This course offers an introduction to macroeconomic analysis. This includes the theory of output and interest rate determination; the relationship between goods and financial markets; the relationship between employment and inflation; the role of fiscal and monetary policy; and, not least, international economic relations. The course has a distinctively European focus, as it relates macroeconomic analysis to issues relevant to the European economy, such as (i) the costs and benefits of the European Monetary Union, (ii) the key monetary policy arrangements and inflation targeting in the Eurozone , (iii) the conduct of fiscal policy and the debates over government debts in the EU

Learning Objectives

After ending the course, the students should be able to:

ECTS

7,5

Business and European Governance

The course provides an in-depth knowledge on the European Union context for European business development. The European Union regulates and decides on a wide range of areas directly related to the daily issues for business. These EU regulations and decisions have to do with specific developments in the Single European Market and its adjacent areas, here including business in the external and global markets of European most relevant trade partners. These European Union regulations define the limits of business operations at the local level, as well as new business opportunities in a larger and harmonized market with high level of interdepencence with global markets. With a strong focus on business case studies, this advanced course gives the students analytical competences and factual knowledge about the European context for business, as well as concrete examples of business challenges, opportunities, ambiguity, or paradoxes, directly related to the EU business context.

This course builds up from the previous course in the 1rst semester “European Business Framework” (EBF), in two essential ways. Firstly, whereas the EBF course gave a very general introduction about the history, institutions and few policies of the European Union; the current course assumes the students have this basic knowledge, and takes an advanced approach and deeper analytical look into 5 core areas that are relevant for business: free movement of goods and capital; labour market mobility and principles associated to freedom of movement of workers; competition policy; external trade; and single currency. After refreshing briefly the basics, the students will be presented with more advanced knowledge and detailed aspects of the EU which are relevant for business. This advanced knowledge is not only about how to improve the competitiveness and leading business position in the market for purposes of prosperity and business development, but it is also about the ethical aspects related to doing business in Europe. Secondly, and very importantly too, this is an advanced course that allows the students to be actively engaged in their own learning process. The course uses case based teaching methods. The case studies are a suitable approach to make the students learn through a critical assessment and analysis, acknowledging the complexity of real-life business competitiveness situations and the business dilemmas when operating in the European market. Likewise, the group based collaborative form of exercise case studies in class, develops the students' abilities in a constructive collaborative form of analys and knowledge development.

Learning Objectives

After completing the course students should be able to:

ECTS

7,5

Marketing

This course provides students with an introduction to the core principles, theories, and concepts of marketing, with a special focus on the challenges of companies operating in multiple European and global markets, and thus a greater societal context. Subjects covered include marketing planning and market research; innovation management; managing products and services; branding; managing prices, distribution, and promotion; relationship marketing; use of technology in marketing. The goal of this course is not only to provide an overview of the basic principles of marketing-related activities within firms, but also to demonstrate how an understanding of the wider global context which companies are embedded in influences long-term success.

Læringsmål

ECTS

7,5

Europe and Global Megatrends

This course deals with “megatrends” or ‘driving forces that are observable now and will most likely have significant influence on the future' in terms of the challenges and opportunities they pose for states, businesses and societies in the European context.

The course material focuses on four megatrends 1) New Forms of Social Change, 2) The Climate Crisis 3) New Forms of Technological Disruption, 4) Shifts in Global (Economic) Power. Each ‘global force for change’ brings about challenges and opportunities for societies, business and states in different sectors and industries.

Those challenges and opportunities that derive from each megatrend are discussed separately in each lecture around selected topics throughout the whole course.

The lectures and exercise classes explore the observable implications of the megatrends for the rapid shifts observed in the European economy and society. As such, they discuss each megatrend in terms of how it shapes and is shaped by firms, states and cities.  To make sense of these analytical linkages, the course introduces a set of focused concepts, theoretical frameworks and cases dealing with critical issues such as labour markets, natural resources, financial markets, commodity markets, social policy, wealth accumulation, green investment, digitalization and cyber security, and global trade disputes. The lectures discuss and touch upon each megatrend at both the global and the European level for private and public sectors, as well as for  societies.

The theoretical and conceptual backbone of this course is introduced in two first two lectures, dealing with competing conceptualizations of the state in the economy. These approaches – spanning theories of the regulatory state, the entrepreneurial state, the market-oriented state, and the self-regulation promoting state – provide different theoretically informed understandings about the relationship between state and market actors in dealing with emerging risks and long-term trends. Further, the readings and the lectures will enable students to synthesize the knowledge and skills acquired in the program as a whole, including in courses such as ‘Denmark in Comparative Perspective’, ‘Internationalization beyond Europe and Qualitative Methods’, or ‘Political Economy of European States.’ 

The course is an integrative platform for the European Business program, mobilizing the knowledge and skills develop through the program in order to understand and analyze the complexity and the challenges that the megatrends pose to European businesses, societies and states.

Nordic Nine: You will learn how to formulate and answer policy questions related to global megatrends shaping the European political economy in ways that pose trade-offs between competitiveness, security and a compassionate society. You will develop arguments, critically reflect on conventional wisdom and assess the plausibility of your suggestions about how to deal with the megatrends (NN2, NN3, NN6, NN8). You will learn how to approach key societal challenges and ethical dilemmas with conceptual depth and analytical rigor and clarity by identifying and articulating the tradeoffs entailed by alternative policy approaches to the megatrends (NN3, NN4, NN5). 

Læringsmål

ECTS

7,5

Mikroøkonomi

Kurset tager udgangspunkt i teorier om det enkelte agerende individ, husholdning og virksomheds adfærd. Der lægges vægt på analyse af, hvorledes det enkelte individ, husholdning og virksomhed tilpasser sig ændringer i dens omverdensbetingelser. Disse ændringer kan f.eks. være i udefra givne priser, i antallet af agenter på markedet, information eller i skattesatser.
 
Følgende emner tages op: forbrugers valg, virksomhedens profit, offentlig regulering, forbrugernes og virksomhedernes interaktion og ligevægt på markeder med og uden markedsfejl.

INDHOLD:

• Produktion og omkostninger

• Efterspørgselsteori

• Konkurrenceformer

• Eksternaliteter og offentlige goder

Læringsmål

ECTS

7,5

1. årsprojekt: Danmark i et komparativt perspektiv: politisk økonomi og videnskabsteori (15 ECTS)

Dette fag er under udarbejdelse og har derfor ikke en beskrivelse endnu - TBA.

Faget kommer til at udgøre et 1. års projekt.

ECTS

15

Political Economy of European States

In recent decades Europe has undergone a process of market integration and harmonization in economic governance and the regulation of business. These developments notwithstanding, there exists significant diversity between states in the institutions and policies that frame economic activity. For example, the institutions and policies of macroeconomic governance, labour market regulation and welfare policies, corporate governance and ownership, the regulation and structure of financial markets, and the development of immigration policy.

This course examines the nature and content of such institutional diversity between European states, as well as the economic, historical, political and cultural factors that underpin commonalities and differences in the political economy of European states. With regard to theoretical and empirical approaches, the course builds upon the second semester course ‘Denmark in a comparative perspective’. The theory taught in PEES thereby derives principally from comparative political economy, but supplemented by specific theories, frameworks and concepts relevant to individual policy areas.  Despite significant differences in the range of theoretical perspectives in the course, there is a shared focus on political and economic institutions, and how these affect the organization of economic activity in European states. The course attaches importance to critical reflection on both theories and policy choices, and the economic, political and social implications thereof. Empirically, the course focusses on institutional and policy differences between some of the largest economies in Europe, for example Germany, France, Spain, and the UK, as well as selected countries in Eastern Europe. Policy areas selected will be some of the most important to companies active in these national markets.

Læringsmål

ECTS

7,5

2. årsprojekt: Internationalisering uden for Europa og kvalitativ metode

Kurset omhandler hvordan og hvorfor Europæiske virksomheder internationaliserer ud over Europa, samt hvordan man kan arbejde med kvalitative metoder til at undersøge og analysere disse processer.  

Kurset omhandler følgende emner:

Hvad er økonomisk globalisering? Hvorfor, hvor meget/lidt, og hvordan Europæiske virksomheder internationaliserer. Hvad disse virksomheder har ’i bagagen’ i og med, at de kommer fra Europa (især Danmark). Det Dunning kalder for ’ownership advantages’. Er der forskel på hvad det er for virksomheder? Sektorer? Hvilken forretningsetik – normer/værdier – tager danske virksomheder med sig ud i verden, og hvilke erfaringer har de med etiske problemstillinger derhjemme og i Europa?   

Vi ser på, hvilke lokationer virksomheder orienterer sig imod. Primært vil vi fokusere på markeder uden for Triaden, dvs. fokus vil være på vækstøkonomier og andre udviklingslande. Vi arbejder med teorier og cases omkring Location-specific advantages, location attractiveness, National Business Systems og co-evolutionary economics. Sideløbende arbejder vi med empirisk datamateriale og cases, hvor danske og andre europæiske virksomheder har internationaliseret og evt. har været involveret i etisk problematiske forretninger uden for Europa, og studerer, hvordan man har håndteret disse problemer, såvel lokalt som fra nationalt HQ. 

Kurset inddrager teorier fra International Business og økonomisk geografi, f.eks. globale værdikæder, OLI-framework og global/emerging market strategy. 

Den metodiske del af kurset fokuserer på kvalitative forskningsmetoder, der er relevante for at analysere virksomheders internationalisering. Fokus vil især være på forskningsdesign, case studier, interviews, observationer og tekstanalyse.

De forskellige teoretiske tilgange og metoder vil blive gennemgået i forelæsninger, mens øvelsestimerne er mere praksisorienteret omkring brugen af metoder og/eller hvordan teorierne kan bruges til at forstå internationalisering i konkrete virksomheder. Desuden vil vi diskutere teoriers og metoders anvendelighed og begrænsinger.

I løbet af kurset forventes det, at de studerende udvikler deres eget projekt baseret på en empirisk case efter eget valg. Her skal de studerende benytte de tillærte metoder til at udarbejde et projekt omkring internationalisering af casevirksomheden. I den forbindelse forventer vi, at de studerende bidrager med feedback på hinandens projekter. Ligeledes forventes det, at de studerende arbejder i grupper omkring et fælles projekt. Der tilbydes desuden vejledning til projektarbejdet. Eksamen er baseret på gruppeprojektet og kursets litteratur.

Læringsmål

ECTS

15

Bachelor Project

Bachelorprojektet skal demonstrere den studerendes kompetencer inden for de områder, som HA Europæisk Business dækker. Ligeledes skal projektet demonstrere den studerendes evne til at analysere virksomheders udfordringer og muligheder på europæiske og globale markeder og/eller problemstillinger, der relaterer sig til politiske, sociale og kulturelle områder, der udgør en europæisk businesskontekst. Med dette for øje vælger de studerende et område af interesse.

Det endelige bachelorprojekt er det sidste og største stykke arbejde på HA i Europæisk Business. Bachelorprojektet giver mulighed for at kombinere og integrere den viden og de færdigheder, de studerende har tilegnet sig på uddannelsen og samle det i et skriftligt produkt. Derefter forsvares projektet ved en mundtlig eksamen. Bachelorprojektet må skrives individuelt eller i grupper af 2-4 studerende, men den mundtlige eksamen er individuel. Den studerende får én karakter på baggrund af en kombineret bedømmelse af det skriftlige produkt og den mundtlige præstation.

Kravene til bachelorprojektet er mere strenge med hensyn til formulering og definition af problemformuleringen, fremvisning af en litteraturoversigt, udvikling af strategi for analyse og implementering af teori og empiri sammenlignet med tidligere eksaminer, da bacheloreksamen udløser en bachelorgrad. Der lægges stor vægt på den studerendes evne til at tænke på tværs af fagene og vælge den bedste tilgang og integrere den i et sammenhængende forskningsprojekt. Den studerende bør reflektere kritisk over analysestrategi og metode og forventes at kende konsekvenserne af de valg, som er blevet truffet.

Bachelorprojektet beskrives detaljeret i en projektvejledning, der udgives i løbet af efterårssemesteret. Denne har svar på de fleste spørgsmål, som studerende typisk stiller om bachelorprojektet.

Læringsmål

For at opnå karakteren 12 skal den studerende opfylde følgende læringsmål:

ECTS

15

Culture in a Global Business Context

The overall aim of the course is to introduce students to major ways in which culture can be conceptualized in relation to business, and to how cultural dynamics play out in different ways in a globalizing business world, specifically in a European context. The course aims to train students to see business as anchored in local, regional and global cultural contexts.

The course is organized in eight three-hour lectures introducing key areas in which culture is crucial in business. Students will be introduced to major theories and concepts relating to important cultural dimensions of business. Each lecture will include examples and/or cases to illustrate the theory and concepts pertaining to the session. Examples of topics include: culture and globalization, culture and leadership, organizational culture, culture and gender, and culture and business networks. Empirical examples will be mostly drawn from the European business context, or from cases of Danish businesses operating abroad.

Students are invited to reflect critically on the assumptions underpinning the theories presented, and to take these into account when considering business problems and challenges. The course further aims to train students' cultural sensitivity, and thereby their ability to act in 'culturally responsible' ways, by challenging their own cultural assumptions.

Students are also introduced to problem-oriented research  through workshops, group-based supervision and practice assignments: including how to draft a good research question and craft a literature review, as well as a basic introduction to methodology, data presentation and the application of theory to data.

The course integrates the HA EB values in the following way:

Mutual respect: Teachers and students show mutual respect by honouring the formal contracts that pertain to them (e.g. information sharing, deadlines, preparing classes and readings adequately, etc) as well as implicit contracts for appropriate conduct, such as arriving at classes on time and doing their part to maintain an atmosphere that supports learning.

Integrity: The course encourages self-reflection both in its academic goals (reflecting on own cultural assumptions) and in the groupwork input and exam format, where students learn to reflect on how to improve their own role in a collaborative process.

Engagement: Both teachers and students come to class willing to engage in dialogue with one another. Through this, our goal is to achieve a participatory and accessible culture of mutual learning.

Learning Objectives

To achieve the grade 12, students should meet the following learning objectives with no or only minor mistakes or errors:

ECTS

7,5

Eksternt Regnskab (7,5 ECTS)

Faget har til formål at indføre den studerende i udarbejdelsen og analysen af det eksterne regnskab. Gennem forløbet opnår den studerende en faglig forankret viden omkring udarbejdelse og analyse af virksomheders eksterne regnskab, således at den studerende bliver i stand til at foretage en vurdering af virksomheders økonomiske situation og performance i en bredere kontekst, herunder:

7,5