Title: Students' Perceptions of Teachers: Experimental Economics in the Classroom.

Teachers' racial and gender biases are the focus of an expanding literature. In this paper, we rather focus on students' perceptions of teachers using a unique experimental economics design. Monetary incentives elicited students' perceptions of teachers: Students were asked to bet on their own performance on a written verbal test, either when assessed nonanonymously by their teacher, in a random half of the classrooms, or when assessed anonymously by an external examiner. 1,200 students in grade 8 classrooms across 29 schools in the U.K took part. Female students invested more when assessed by a male teacher, and male students invested less when assessed by a female teacher. This provides a rationale for the disinvestment of boys and the investment of girls in verbal skills. Ethnicity and socioeconomic status did not play a role. An expected utility model provides estimates of students' subjective perceptions of teachers.